What is Chinese winter hazel and why should you think about growing it in your garden? Chinese winter hazel (Corylopsis sinensis) is a deciduous shrub that produces sweet smelling, yellow blooms in late winter and early spring, usually about the same time forsythia makes a welcome appearance. If this has piqued your interest about Corylopsis winterhazel plants, read on to learn more.
I. Appearance and Characteristics
Corylopsis sinensis, the Chinese winter hazel (simplified Chinese: 蜡瓣花; traditional Chinese: 蠟瓣花; pinyin: là bàn huā), is a species of flowering plant in the witch-hazel family Hamamelidaceae, native to western China. Growing to 4 m (13 ft) tall and broad, it is a substantial deciduous shrub. With ovate leaves, it produces delicately fragrant, drooping racemes of pale yellow flowers with orange anthers in spring.
The Latin specific epithet sinensis means “Chinese” or “of China”.
The Latin meaning of Corylopsis refers to its resemblance of the genus, making it a very classic example for Corylopsis.
There are four varieties and one form recorded:-
- Corylopsis sinensis var. calvescens
- Corylopsis sinensis var. glandulifera
- Corylopsis sinensis var. parvifolia
- Corylopsis sinensis var. sinensis
- Corylopsis sinensis fo. veitchiana
Don’t confuse Chinese winter hazel with the more familiar witch hazel, although both are hardy shrubs that flower when most plants are dormant, and both have similar hazel-like leaves. Chinese winter hazel produces long, drooping clusters of yellow, bell-shaped blooms, while the spidery, long petaled witch hazel blooms may be red, purple, orange, or yellow, depending on the variety. Also, witch hazel reaches heights of 10 to 20 feet (3-6 m.), while winterhazel generally tops out at about 4 to 10 feet (1-3 m).
Chinese winter hazel is a tough plant suitable for growing in USDA plant hardiness zones 5 through 8. It needs well-drained, acidic soil, preferably amended with organic material such as compost or well-rotted manure. Growing Corylopsis winterhazel plants need partial or full sunlight; however, it’s a good idea to site the plant where it’s protected from intense afternoon sunlight and harsh winds.
II. How to Grow and Care
Sunlight and Soil
Chinese winter hazel thrives in well-draining soil and needs to ensuring it has partial to full sun exposure for optimal flowering.
Watering
Originating from the understory of moist forests, Chinese winter hazel thrives in conditions that mimic its native environment’s consistent humidity. This species is moderately drought-tolerant but flourishes when provided with a balance of moisture. To maintain this equilibrium, Chinese winter hazel should be watered twice a week. Typically grown outdoors due to its size and seasonal changes, winter hazel particularly benefits from the increased humidity during its active growing season, ensuring vibrant flowering and lush foliage.
Fertilizing
For Chinese winter hazel, a balanced nutrition fertilizer promotes healthy growth, lush foliage, and vibrant blooms. Apply a complete, slow-release fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or similar in early spring at the onset of growth. A lighter feeding is advised before the blooming period for enhanced flower production. Fertilize Chinese winter hazel once a month during the active growing season, reducing frequency in the fall and ceasing in winter to allow the plant to rest.
Use approximately 1 tablespoon of granular fertilizer per square foot of soil, ensuring even distribution and watering thoroughly after application to prevent root burn. Adjust applications based on winter hazel’s response; lush growth with few flowers suggests over-fertilization, requiring reduction. Always follow manufacturer’s guidelines for precise dosing.
Pruning
Prune Chinese winter hazel, if needed, immediately after flowering. Otherwise, prune during flowering and show off the pruned branches in floral arrangements.
Propagation
Chinese winter hazel is a deciduous shrub renowned for its early spring flowers and simple, ovate leaves. For those looking to propagate winter hazel, cuttings offer the most viable means. Softwood cuttings are best taken from new growth, ensuring a high success rate. Use a well-draining medium, and maintain consistent moisture without over-watering. Rooting hormone can aid in the development of roots, and a sheltered environment is crucial for the initial stages of growth.
Transplanting
To give Chinese winter hazel a fresh start, aim for the rejuvenating span of early to late spring, when warmer whispers of growth beckon. Find a spot bathed in dappled sunlight, ensuring soil richness and drainage. Gentle guidance to its new abode encourages thriving presence.
III. Uses and Benefits
Chinese winter hazel is truly a wonderful addition to any garden. Besides the winter interest it provides, it also makes a stunning display in the fall, when the foliage turns golden yellow. As an extra, the blooms of Corylopsis sinensis have a pleasant fragrance.
