Resin spurge (Euphorbia resinifera) can be found living in the densely forested regions of Morocco. This species is incredibly easy to grow and can tolerate many soils, even if they’re dry and nutrient-deficient. This makes it a prime choice for use as a houseplant. However, it can cause a rash if mishandled.
I. Appearance and Characteristics
Euphorbia resinifera, the resin spurge, is a species of spurge native to Morocco, where it occurs on the slopes of the Atlas Mountains. The dried latex of the plant was used in ancient medicine. It contains resiniferatoxin, an extremely potent capsaicin analog tested as an analgesic since 1997.
It is a shrub growing to 61 centimeters (24 in) tall, forming multi-stemmed cushion-shaped clumps up to 2 meters (6 ft 7 in) wide. The stems are erect, succulent, superficially like a cactus, four-angled, with short but sharp pairs of 6 millimeter (0.24 in) spines on the angles, spaced about 1 centimeter (0.39 in) apart up the stem.
II. How to Grow and Care
Sunlight
Resin spurge thrives best in conditions of full sunlight, where it can receive direct and intense light throughout the day. This exposure is crucial for its growth and health, promoting strong structural development and vibrant coloration. While resin spurge can tolerate partial sun, lower light levels may lead to suboptimal growth and a potential decrease in resilience. Adaptive traits, such as its thick, fleshy leaves, help resin spurge to tolerate intense light without damage. Ideally, resin spurge should be planted outdoors in a spot that receives unfiltered sunlight for the majority of the day; they are not commonly grown indoors. Suboptimal light conditions should be avoided to maintain the plant’s robustness and overall vitality.
Temperature
Genus Euphorbia is very large and diverse, so its different species can be found in various habitats, but the majority are well-adapted to a temperature range of -29 to 4 ℃. Many spurges, in spite of having succulent leaves, cannot handle long periods without moisture and need to be watered weekly during hot summer days. Some cactus-like species are well adapted to high temperatures and prolonged dry periods, but most species used for landscaping and decorative gardening require more moisture for proper development.
Watering
Resin spurge thrives in arid environments, mirroring its origins where it has adapted to infrequent rainfall. This species exhibits a high drought tolerance and prefers a dry climate over humidity. In line with its hardy nature, resin spurge requires minimal watering, approximately once every three weeks, ensuring the soil dries out between sessions. Predominantly an outdoor plant due to its resilience and sun-loving disposition, resin spurge is well-suited for xeriscaping—landscaping that reduces or eliminates the need for supplemental water from irrigation.
Soil
Resin spurge thrives in well-draining soil mix. Opt for commercial succulent & cactus soil, or create a mix using equal parts coarse sand, potting soil, and perlite to enhance aeration. To prevent water-logging, incorporate gravel at the bottom of pots. Seasonal application of a balanced, slow-release fertilizer is beneficial. Ensure good drainage to protect resin spurge from root rot.
Fertilizing
For resin spurge, optimal care involves quarterly fertilization with a balanced succulents and cacti food to boost growth and resilience. This specific regimen meets resin spurge’s light feeding needs, avoiding excessive nutrients that can harm this drought-tolerant species. Seasonal adjustments are not required due to resin spurge’s consistent growth pattern. Use fertilizers at half-strength to prevent root burn. Always water resin spurge before and after applying fertilizer to ensure effective nutrient absorption and to minimize the risk of chemical concentration around the roots.
Propagation
This succulent thrives when propagated through cuttings. For optimal results, choose a healthy, mature stem. Slice it using a clean, sharp instrument to reduce the risk of infection and encourage quicker healing. Let the cutting dry for a few days until the cut end forms a callus, which helps prevent rotting when planted. Subsequently, plant the cutting in a well-draining soil mixture, ideally suited for cacti and succulents. This type of soil ensures resin spurge roots efficiently without excess moisture causing decay. Maintain a stable environment free from extreme temperature fluctuations to support robust growth.
Transplanting
The prime season for transplanting resin spurge is during S1-S2, an optimum window for the plant’s root establishment, often expressed as the ‘planting sweet spot’. For location, choose a warm, sunny spot in your garden. A tip: Ensure well-draining soil to prevent root rot!
Repotting
For resin spurge, a stout, shrubby succulent, repotting every 2-3 years is ideal to accommodate its slow growth. Choose early spring, prior to the growth season, to minimize stress. Select a slightly larger pot with ample drainage to prevent root rot. Post-repotting, provide bright light but avoid direct sun for a week, ensuring a stable recovery. Keep the repotting process gentle for this sensitive species, positioning it for robust health and vigor.
Pests and Diseases
Euphorbia resinifera has a way of defending itself against pests. Its milky sap and spiky texture help to attract prey.
Root rot can occur when plants are saturated for long.
Mildew can affect plants if it lacks good air circulation.
III. Uses and Benefits
Resin spurge is perfect addition to beds and borders, Mediterranean Gardens, rock gardens, or containers.