Marsh seedbox plants (Ludwigia alternfolia) are an interesting species native to the eastern half of the United States. They can be found alongside streams, lakes, and ponds as well as occasionally cropping up in ditches, seepage areas, and retention basins. As a native specimen, seedbox flowers can be used for naturalizing around backyard ponds and water features.
I. Appearance and Characteristics
Ludwigia alternifolia, commonly known as seedbox, bushy seedbox, rattlebox, and square-pod water-primrose, is a herbaceous perennial plant of the family Onagraceae (evening primrose family). It is native to central and eastern North America, growing in marshes, wet meadows, and swamps.
The genus name Ludwiga is for the 18th century German botanist, Christian Gottlieb Ludwig. The species name alternifolia references the fact that the leaves are alternate.
Until they produce their characteristic seed capsule, seedbox flowers can be easily overlooked in the wild. Here are some features which can help you identify this species:
- Height: The reddish brown stems can grow up to 4 feet (1 m.) tall and are multi-branched near the top of the plant.
- Leaves: The leaves resemble that of willow and are under 4 inches (10 cm.) long. They grow on short stems and are sparsely arranged along the tall main stem and upper branches.
- Flowers: Seedbox blooms between June and August with July being the norm. The delicate, buttercup-like flowers are short lived with the four yellow petals often dropping the same day as they appear. The flowers are produced on the upper, shortened part of the plant.
- Fruit: The seed capsules are cubical in shape with a pore on the top for release of the seeds. The capsules stay small, averaging ¼ inch (6 mm.) or less in size. Upon maturity the seedbox rattles.
They are hardy in USDA zones 4 through 8 and thrive in areas where ground moisture remains constant. Their notable characteristic is a cube shaped seed box which rattles when the seeds are ripe. These seed boxes are attractive additions in dried flower arrangements.
II. How to Grow and Care
Seed box is a freshwater aquatic plant popular in aquarium settings. It requires moderate lighting to thrive and benefits from regular fertilization but is forgiving to fluctuations in water parameters, making it a beginner-friendly option. Special care points include ensuring sufficient spacing to promote healthy growth and regular pruning to control its rapid growth and maintain the desired shape and size.
Sunlight
Seed box’s optimal light conditions include full sun exposure, which is vital for its vigorous growth and overall health. While the plant is adaptable, deviations from this full sunlight exposure, such as partial shade, may result in reduced growth or fewer blooms. For maximum thriving, seed box should be positioned in outdoor locations where it receives uninterrupted daylight. It possesses a remarkable ability to utilize high light intensity, which contributes to its robust nature. Though not suited to indoor growth, when situated outside, seed box showcases its resilience and its potential for lush development when basking in ideal lighting conditions.
Watering
Seed box thrives in its native habitat, which is characterized by consistent moisture levels, as it often resides near water sources. This species has adapted to prefer a stable environment with regular hydration and is moderately drought-tolerant. Its watering schedule should reflect its natural preference for moisture, thus requiring watering every week. As an herbaceous plant that commonly grows outdoors, seed box benefits significantly from rainwater during its active growth season, which complements its need for consistent soil moisture.
Fertilizing
Fertilize seed box with balanced nutrition fertilizers once a month during growth. In vegetative stages, use high-nitrogen fertilizers to boost vigor and foliage. Less frequent application in dormancy is key; reduce to once every two months. For healthy growth and fruitful blooming, apply a dilute solution to avoid nutrient burn. Account for seasonal growth; increase feeding in spring and summer, decrease in fall and winter. Always water seed box before fertilizing to protect roots.
Propagation
Seed box can be successfully propagated through sowing. To achieve the best results, use fresh seeds and sow them in well-draining soil. Ensure that the growing medium remains moist but not waterlogged to foster germination. Gently press the seeds into the substrate without covering them, as they require light for optimal germination. Consistent warmth and indirect sunlight are crucial for seed box’s seedlings to establish. Once seedlings have grown to a suitable size, carefully transplant them to their final location.
Transplanting
Transplant seed box from the awakening of early blooms until the full chorus of spring’s warmth, selecting a site with ample sunlight and moisture. Ensure soil is well-drained and enriched with organic matter may prove beneficial.
III. Harvesting and Storage
Gardeners wishing to harvest the seed heads for floral arrangements (or when collecting seeds for the following year) should harvest the heads before the seedboxes break open and the seeds scatter.