Variegated boxwood (Buxus sempervirens ‘Aureovariegata’)

Variegated boxwood is a dwarf hybrid of a popular evergreen shrub that is often sculpted into elaborate ornamental shapes. This low-maintenance variety is resistant to deer, and it improves on the parent with its two-colored or ‘variegated’ leaves. It is a versatile garden performer ideal for edges, borders, and other locations in courtyard or urban gardens.

I. Appearance and Characteristics

Variegated boxwood is a perennial, evergreen shrub with a prominent visual appeal, primarily due to its distinctive foliage.

The leaves of variegated boxwood are deep blue-green on the upper surface and yellowish on the lower surface. They are small, oval to elliptical, typically measuring around 0.5 to 1.5 inches (1.3 to 3.8 cm) in length. The texture is leathery with a glossy finish. The vein pattern is pinnate, with a central midrib and secondary veins extending outward. The margins are smooth, and the leaves are arranged oppositely along the stems, adding to their variegated appearance.

Variegated boxwood produces non-showy, small, greenish-yellow flowers. These blossoms are typically inconspicuous and lack prominent petals, measuring around 1/8 inch (3 mm) in diameter. The flowers are clustered in tight, rounded inflorescences that appear at the leaf axils. Each flower exhibits simple structures with no significant fragrance. Blooming occurs in late spring to early summer, adding subtle interest rather than vivid color to the plant.

The fruit of variegated boxwood is a dehiscent capsule that exhibits a maturation process culminating in a rich brown hue. Initially green, these capsules are small, dry, and typically present with three horns. Upon reaching maturity, the capsules split open along these horns to release the seeds. The textural contrast from a smooth immature state to a more rugged and woody mature state is noteworthy. Each capsule measures approximately 0.2 inches (5 mm) in diameter, a detail essential for proper identification.

II. How to Grow and Care

Sunlight

Variegated boxwood likes sufficient sunlight but can tolerate partial shade too. Thus, it can grow well both indoors and outdoors. You can plant it almost anywhere, except for spots that are completely in the shade all day long. If it doesn’t receive enough sunlight, the leaves may turn yellow. There are other species in the Buxus genus that prefer low light environments, which are best grown somewhere with partial shade that avoids direct blazing sunlight in the summer.

Temperature

Variegated boxwood is mainly distributed in temperate regions and prefers a warmer climate. However, it is cold-resistant to a degree, too. Variegated boxwood can grow at temperatures in the range of -23 to 35 ℃ but will become dormant and stop growing if the temperature goes outside of this range. If the temperature stays around 16 to 27 ℃, it will be vigorous and grow rapidly. It prefers moist soil but is also tolerant of dry conditions. However, it is not tolerant of waterlogging.

Watering

Originating from temperate regions, variegated boxwood thrives in evenly moist soil, reflecting its preference for consistent moisture akin to its native habitat. It is moderately drought-tolerant but flourishes with regular hydration, requiring watering every week. As an evergreen plant, variegated boxwood retains its foliage year-round, necessitating a stable water supply to maintain its variegated leaves’ vibrancy. In outdoor settings, variegated boxwood often benefits from natural rainfall patterns but may need supplemental watering during dry spells to mimic these conditions.

Soil

Variegated boxwood doesn’t require a specific soil type but does like the soil to be moist and fertile. It can even grow in dry and barren conditions. However, due to its intolerance of waterlogging, it is recommended to plant it in sandy soil with good drainage, rather than in clay soil.

Fertilizing

Variegated boxwood produces small flowers, so it does not require much fertilizer. It should be given fertilizer two or three times during its vigorous growth stage, at the same time as you water it. Use fully decomposed organic fertilizer, but don’t add too much.

Planting Instructions

It is recommended to plant variegated boxwood in the spring, so it has an opportunity to grow strong enough before winter comes. Also, the weather in spring is mild and warm, unlike in the summer when heat and drought could hinder its ability to adapt to a new environment. If you plant it in the garden, you should choose somewhere that receives 5-6 hours of sunlight each day, and soil that has good drainage. Water it immediately after planting. If the weather is very dry, you should continue to water it each day for three consecutive days.

If you plant variegated boxwood in a pot, it is best to choose a pot big enough to allow ample space for its roots to grow. Clay pots are the best option as they have excellent ventilation and help the roots to breathe. When planting, you can trim off any old or dead roots; this will stimulate the growth of new roots. In general, variegated boxwood should be re-potted every 2-3 years. It is advisable to do this before the budding of new leaves as their growth requires plentiful nutrition. You can also trim the roots when re-potting, and replace the soil.

Pruning

Variegated boxwood is very tolerant of pruning and tends to rapidly grow new twigs after it has been clipped. You can trim it into different looks depending on your needs. It is best to prune in the summer and winter. In summer, the plant is lush but the ventilation among the branches and leaves is not great, making it vulnerable to pests and diseases. In winter, it grows slowly and can maintain a certain ornamental look for longer. You can trim off any leaves that are old, dead, or have changed color, to make the plant look more presentable.

Propagation

As a versatile and slow-growing evergreen, variegated boxwood is commonly used for hedging and topiaries. This ornamental shrub is best propagated through cuttings. Tip cuttings should be taken from healthy, unblemished branches and ideally from new growth. These cuttings are then placed in a well-draining propagation medium under consistent moisture and indirect sunlight to encourage root development. For optimal success, maintaining a stable environment and using a rooting hormone can greatly enhance the rooting process.

Transplanting

Variegated boxwood thrives when transplanted from early to late spring, thriving with mild temperatures. Choose a location with partial to full sunlight and well-drained soil. Transplant gently to avoid root damage, ensuring a healthy transition.